Manifestation of Modern Architecture

                                                                               

They were the architects of the 19^th century who introduced the ideas that contributed to the development Modern Architecture. They used the theories to build and restored architecture. Manifesting the main key elements to describe the modern architecture we know now. Ruskin and Viollet-le-Duc shared a common interest in Gothic architecture, however, they had different perspectives towards form and styles to gothic architecture as a result two different forms were born. Ruskin thought Gothic from an emotional view, Ruskin obsessed in admiring the life and beauty in the details formed by the craftsmen. He valued the idea of natural forms over mechanization.

            Viollet-le-Duc view was in rational approach, he was more fascinated by the logic of the design and construction of structural solutions of gothic buildings. He arrives to the tectonics view of architecture. While this led Ruskin viewpoint that architecture: “is not a matter of design but of an ornament” (Pevsner 20), a building is only considered architecture once it gains ornamentation. He believes it was beyond the structures solutions to the design.  Viollet-le-Duc gave more importance to reason and science behind the building than its decorative style. He thought a building looks can not contradict its structure purposes good architecture is defined by its structure rational.

Semper Opera

http://www.semperoper.de/en.h

Gottfried Semper was very sensitive to Gothic architecture, he admire the Greek architecture, which in a similar way he pay attention to value on craftsmanship as Ruskin did.  A point of view independent of Ruskin and Viollet-le-Duc, and defined style as a consideration of socio-political conditions driven by free will, as his work was very much affected by his own political affiliations. This led Semper to develop The Four Elements of Architecture,” Hearth, Substructure Roof Enclosure. Argued that more evolved architecture integrates all of these categories into one main concept for a building.

Viollet-le-Duc, Design for a Market Hall, 1864.

              These men did agreed on a single representation of architectural elements in design should be realistic. They affirmed what Ruskin statement in “The Seven Lamps of Architecture.”  Viollet-le-Duc wrote in Entretiens, that architectural elements should be represented as they are, in their clear and true form, so as to not cause deception or suggest something artificial.